Cylinder reboring machine



Dec. 30, 1941. E. PETERSEN 2,267,837

CYLINDER REBORING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1937 10- SheepS-Sheet 1 95 r 0: I36 1t F W 11 I (D 4) I I I 30 62 Ii? 0 r 3/ INVENTOR. 32 HIM/5 PETEIQSEA/ ATTORNEY Dec. 30, 1941.

H. PETERSEN 2,267,837

CYLINDER REBORING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1937 1Q Sheets-Sheet 2 INVEN T012. HAA/s PETEE5AI A TTORNEY 10 Sheets-Sheet 4 ll 0 l my I INVENTOR. AMA/5 P575255 H M ATTORNEY H. PETERSEN CYLINDER REBORING MACHINE Filed Nov; 19, 1937 Dec. 30, 1941.

Dec; 30, 1941.

H. PETERSEN CYLINDER REBORING MACHINE l0 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Nov. 19, 1937 INVENTOR. l/AM/S PETEZSEA/ ATTORNEY Dec. 1941- H. PETERSEN I 67,837

CYLINDER REBORING MACHINE AMA/5 F1972 55711 9' WEos/LM ATTORNEY H. PETERSEN CYLINDER REBORING MACHINE Deg 3% 1941 l0 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Nov. 19, 1937 IN V EN TOR. AMA/5 Pi 72 355117 By 1%: 7rffi w-M A TTORNEY Dec. 36, 194-1. H. PETERSEN CYLINDER REBORING MACHINE Filed Nov. 19, 1937 10 Sheets-Sheet 1O INVENTOR. MM PETFESK/V Patented Dec. 30, 1941 CYLINDER REBORING MACHINE Hans Petersen, Minneapolis, Minn., assignor to Storm Manufacturing Company, vInc., Minneapolis, Minn., a. corporation of Minnesota Application November 19, 1937, Serial No. 175,453

21 Claims.

This invention has relation to a machine for boring or reboring the cylinders of internal combustion engines, as, for'example, the cylinders of automotive vehicle engines.

An object of the invention is to provide a machine for boring or reboring the cylinders of internal combustion engines which will be of novel and improved construction.

A further object is to provide a machine of the present class wherein will be incorporated various improved features and characteristics of construction novel both as individual entities of the machine and in combination with each other.

A further object is to provide a cylinder boring or reboring machine which can be hydraulically actuated both to the accomplishment of the drive of the cutter or cutting means of the machine and to the accomplishment of the feed of said cutter or cutting means to the work, or along a cylinder being bored or rebored.

A further object is to provide a cylinder boring or reboring machine which can be mechanically actuated to the accomplishment of the drive of the cutter. or cutting means of the machine and can be hydraulically actuated to the accomplishment of the feed of said cutter or cutting means to the work, or along a cylinder being bored or rebored.

A further object is to provide a machine for boring or reboring the cylinders of internal combustion engines which can be hydraulically or mechanically actuated to the accomplishment of the drive of the cutter or cutting means of the machine, and which will include mechanism for accomplishing the drive of said cutter or cutting means at any desired and predetermined, nicely and accurately controlled and regulated rate of speed.

A further object is to provide a machine for boring or reboring the cylinders of internal combustion engines which will be hydraulically actuated to the accomplishment of the feed of the cutter or cutting means of the machine to the work, or along a cylinder being bored ,or re-' bored, and which will include mechanismior accomplishing the feed of said cutter or cutting means at any desired and predetermined, nicely and accurately controlled and regulated rate of speed.

A further object is to provide a machine for boring or reboring the cylinders of internal combustion engines which can be hydraulically or mechanically actuated to the accomplishment of the drive of the cutter or cutting means of the machine and which will be hydraulically actuated to the accomplishment of the feed of said cutter or cutting means to the work, or along a cylinder being bore or rebored, and which machine will include mechanism for accomplishing the drive of said cutter or cutting means at any desired and predetermined, nicely and accurately controlled and regulated rate of speed and for accomplishing the feed of said cutter or cutting means at any desired and predetermined, nicely and accurately controlled and regulated rate of speed.

A further object is to provide a cylinder boring or reboring machine which will include a cutter or cutting means to be driven and to be fed along a cylinder to be bored or rebored, and which Will also include mechanism for accomplishing both the drive and the feed of said cutter or cutting means each at any desired and predetermined, controlled and regulated rate of speed.

A further object is to provide in the machine a cutter head assembly of novel and improved construction.

A further object is to provide in the machine a centering entity which will include novel and improved features and characteristics ofv construction.

A further object is to provide in the machine a cutter head which will include novel and im- 1proved features and characteristics of construcion.

A further object is to provide a clamping device for retaining the machine in fixed relation to a cylinder to be operated upon, bored or rebored, and which clamping device will include various improved features and characteristics novel both as individual entities of the machine and in combination with each other and with the machine.

And a further object is to provide in a machine of the present character several different appurtenances to the accomplishment of boring or reboring operations upon the cylinders of internal combustion engines each of which appurtenances Will be of novel and improved construction.

With the above objects in view, as well as others which will appear as the specification pro ceeds, the invention comprises the construction, arrangement and combination of parts as now to be fully described and as hereinafter to be specifically claimed, it being understood that the disclosure herein is merely illustrative and intended in no way in a limiting sense, changes in detaiis or construction and arrangement or. parts being permissible so long as Within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the claims which follow.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification,

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a cylinder boring or reboring machine in which the features and characteristics of the invention are incorporated, disclosing said machine secured upon an engine block in position to commence a reboring operation upon a usual cylinder provided in said engine block;

Fig. 2 is an end elevational view of the machine of Fig. 1, as said machine would appear from the right in said Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged, horizontal sectional view, taken on line 3-3 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan view of themachine as seen from the top of the sheet in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view, taken about as on line 55 in Fig. 4, disclosing a lower portion of the machine;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken about as on said line 5-5 in Fig. 4, or as on line 66 in Fig. 7, disclosing an upper portion of the machine;

Fig. '7 is a vertical sectional view, taken as on line in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary elevational view of the cutter head assembly of the machine;

Fig. 9 is a bottom plan view of the cutter head assembly of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the hair pin;

Fig. 11 is a horizontal sectional view, on the scale of Fig. 5, taken as on line in Fig. 2, or as on line in said Fig. 5;

. Fig. 12 is a detail sectional view, taken on line |2|2 in Fig. 4;

Figs. 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 are each detail sectional views of a valve casing with compound operating valve of the machine, disclosing said compound operating valve in five different operative positions the valve can assume;

Fig. 18 is an elevational view of a clamping device of the machine applied to an engine block as in Fig. 1, the view being taken at a right angle to the disclosure of Fig. 19;

Fig. 19 is an elevational view of the clamping device applied to an engine block as in Fig. 2, the view being taken at a right angle to Fig.18;

Fig. 20 is a plan view of the clamping device, the engine block being omitted;

Fig. 21 is a detail sectional view taken on line 2 |-2| 'in Fig. 20, the wedge member being omitted;

Fig. 22 is a detail sectional View, taken on line 22-22 in Fig. 20;

Fig. 23 is a side elevational view of a cylinder boring or reboring machine of modified construction made according to the invention;

Fig. 24 is a top plan view of the machine of Fig. 23;

Fig. 25 is a horizontal sectional view, taken on line 25-25 in Fig. 23;

Fig. 26 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sec tional view of the machine of Figs. 23 and 24;

Figs. 2'? is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view, taken on line 2T2'| in Fig. 24;

Fig. 28 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view taken on line 28-28 in Fig. 23;

Fig. 29 is an enlarged top plan view of the compound valve casing of the machine of Fig. 23;

Fig. 30 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the disclosure of Fig. 29;

Fig. 31 is a vertical sectional view, taken on line 3|3| in Fig. 29; V i

Fig. 32 is a. vertical sectional view, taken on line 3232 in Fig, '29;

Figs. 33, 34, 35, 36 and 37 are each detail sectional views of the valve casing of Fig. 29 and its compound operating valve, disclosing said compound operating valve in five different operative positions the valve can assume;

Fig. 38 is a vertical sectional view of a grit remover assembled with a machine made accordin to the invention; and

Fig. 39 is a detail sectional View, taken as on line 39-39 in Fig. 38.

The cylinder boring or reboring machine includes a frame 30 adapted to rest upon an engine or cylinder block 3|, in the manner as disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2, during operation of the machine in position to operate upon cylinders 32 contained bysaid block 3|.

The frame 30 suitably and conveniently supports an electric motor 33 including vertically upwardly extending motor shaft 34. Said frame 36 also suitably and conveniently includes a fluid or oil well 35, adjacent the electric motor 33, provided by structure36 of the frame. A cover or cap member "31 upon said frame 39 cooperates with the remainder of the'frame to close the well 35 at its upper portion.

The electric motor33 is supported at its lower portion upon a horizontal member 38 fixed in the frame 30, and said electric motor 38 is bolted, as at 39, at one of its side portions to the structure 36.

The motor shaft 34 is suitably secured, as at 40, to a vertically upwardly extending shaft 4| adapted'to be driven by the electric motor 33. A lower portion of the shaft 4| is mounted, as at 42,

" in a horizontal bearing member 43 constituting part of the frame 30 and effectively separating the well 35 from the portion of the frame 36 housing the electric, motor 33. An upper portion of the shaft 4| is mounted, as at 44, in the cover or cap member 31.

The upper portion of the well 35 is open to the space 45 within the frame 30 above the structure 36 and the horizontal bearing member 43, below the cover or cap member 31, said space in fact constituting the upper portion of said well.

The length of the driven shaft 4| between its bearings 42 and 44 is situated in the space 45, and the upper end of said shaft 4| fixedly carries a horizontally arranged cutter or tool dresser 46 disposed at the outer side of and above the cover or cap member '31. A vertical rod 41 extending upwardly from said cover or cap memberadjacent the cutter or tool dresser may provide a support or holder for a cutter or tool to be dressed.

A gearpump casing 48 is suitably and conven-,

iently fixedly supported in the space .45, abovethe horizontal bearing member 43, and the shaft 4| extends through said gear pump casing 48 and an internal concavity 49 thereof. A driven pump gear'50 .fixed to said shaft 4| is situated within the concavity 49 in meshing relation to an idler pump gear 5|, also situated in said concavity 49, upon a vertical stub shaft 52 suitably and conveniently mounted'in said casing 48. The pump gears 50 and5l are arranged in'ancl related to said concavity 49 to provide a gear pump including an inlet side 53 constituting a portion of the concavity and an outlet side 54 also constituting a portion of said concavity. That is to say, the shaft 4| is adapted to be driven to rotate the pump gears 59 and 5| in the direction indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3 to cause fluid or oil to be pumped from the inlet side 53 to the outlet side 54 of the concavity 49. A fluid or oil supply pipe 55 leadsfrom a lower portion of the well 35 to aeemav the inlet side. 53, anda pipe. connection 56 leads from the outletside.54;to;a fluidor oil receiving or pressure chamber 51.constituted.as a concavity. of a hollow vessel 58 suitably and conveniently fixedly supported.;.within the space 45 of the machine.,

Operating fluidor .011. pumped into the chamber 51 of the vessel 58, by; operation of the gear pump causing fluidor oilto be drawn from .the well 35 into the inlet side .53 .and forced out of the outlet side 54 of said gear pump through the pipe connection 56 into said chamber 51, is, in the present embodiment of theinvention, utilized both to the purpose of accomplishing the drive of a cutter or cutting means of the machine, in a manner which will be explained, and to the purpose of accomplishing the feed. of said-cutter or cutting means to its work, also in a manner which will be explained. I

The frame30 integrally includes a hollow, vertical bearing post 59, and a vertical sleeve 68 is mounted to be reciprocated in said bearing post 59. Said vertical sleeve 69 .may be held against rotary movement in the post 59 in any suitable and convenient manner. A cutter shaft 61 is rotatably mounted, as at 62, within the sleeve 68 and is fixed against longitudinal movement in saidsl eeve. I Alower portion of the cutter shaft 6|, below said sleeve 68, carries a centering device 63, and the lower end of said cutter shaft, below said centering device, carries a cutter head 64 with cutter or cutting means 65.

Mechanism for causing the vertical sleeve 68, and with it the cutter shaft 6 I, to be reciprocated in the vertical bearing post 59 includes a vertical cylinder 86 withinthe fluid or oil well 35 and having a closed bottom 61. .The vertical cylinder 66 may be fixedly secured in the frame 38 in any suitable and convenient manner. As disclosed, a horizontal brace 68 of said frame, just above the bearingmember 43 assists in stabilizing the cylinder 66, and an.upper portion 59 of said cylinder is made rigid with the cover or cap member 31. Apiston 10 within the .cylinder 66 is carried. by'a verticalpiston rod 11 which is reciprocably slidable, as at 12, in an element 13 arranged above. the cover or cap member 31 in closing relation to said cylinder '66.

The piston rod 1| extends upwardly above the cover or cap member 31 and has its upper end secured, as at 14, to the lower portion of a fitting; denoted generally at 15. Saidfitting 15 includes as parts thereof a motor gear casing 16 and an ordinary. casing 11. The casing 11 is secured, as at 18, upon and about the vertical portion of the motor gear casing16, and a lower portion 83 of said shaft 19 is situated within a chamber 84 supplied or provided by the casing 11. A motor gear 85 is fixed to the shaft 19 and is situated within the concavity 8| in meshing relation to a motor gear 86, also situated within said concavity, upon a vertical stub shaft 81 suitably and conveniently mounted in said motor gear casing 16. An inlet space. of the concavity 8| atone side of the motor gears 85 and 86 is denoted 88, and an outlet space of saidconcavity 8| at theopposite side of said motor gears 85 and 86 denoted 89. 1

A pipe connection 90 leads from the fluidor the cutter shaft 6|.

oil. receivingor pressure. chamber 51 to a valve casing..9l suitablysupportedupon the cover:or cap member .31, and-a pipe. connection 92. leads from said valvecasing 9|v to the inlet. space 88. A needle valve 93 is adjustably mounted in the valve casing 9 l. for the purpose of regulating the size or cross sectional area of a port or passageway 94v through said valve casing and affording communication between the pipe connections 98 and..92. .A pipelconnection 95 leads from the outlet space .89 .of the concavity 8| and enters the fluid or oil .well 35. The motor gears and 86 are arranged in and related to the concavity 8| to provide a-gear motorwhichls operated by fluid or oil forced into the inlet space 88, from the fluid or. oil receiving or pressure. chamber 51 through the pipe connection 88,. the valve casing 9| and the pipe connection 92. The forced in fluid or oil moves from the inletspace 88 between the motor gears 85 and 86 to the. outlet space 89 and thus causes said motor gears 85 and 86, and with them the shaft 19, to be rotated. The fluid or oil passes from the outlet space 89 of the concavity 8| through the pipe connection back to the Well 35, from which the operating fluid or ,oil is originally taken, as already set forth. Stated differently, the motor gears, 85and 86are driven, to rotate the shaft 19, by fluid or oil under pressure forced throughand past said gears from the fluid or oil receiving or pressure chamber 51, and the fluid or oil is returned to the oil well 35 fromthe concavity 8|. v

The lower portion 83 of the shaft 19 is in spaced apart relation to the cutter shaft 6| and fixedly carries a series of drive pulleys 96. Said cutter shaft 6| likewise carries a series of drive pulleys 91 disposed in horizontal alinement with the drive pulleys 96 upon a part of the cutter shaft extending above the sleevefiO. All of the drive pulleys 96 and 91 are within the chamber 84 of the casing 11, and drive belts 98, one for each of the drive pulleys 96, 91, ride over the drive pulleys of the different sets, respectively, to cause said pulleys 96 to be drivingly connected to said pulleys 91. i a

It will be apparent that when the motor gears 85 and 86 are driven, the shaft 19 will be rotated to in turn rotate or drive the cutter shaft 6| through the instrumentality of the drive pulleys 9 6 and 91 and thedrive belts 98. It will also be apparent thatby adjustment of the needle valve 93 to thus adjust the size or cross-sectional area of the port or passageway-94 in the valve casing 9|, the pressure of fluid or oil operative upon the motor gears 85 and 86 to drive them can be effectively controlled and regulated to thus control and regulate the rate of speed of rotation of In short, said cutter shaft, and with it the cutter or cutting means 65, can be rotated or driven at any'desired and predetermined, nicely and accurately controlled and regulated rate of speed which can range from the maximum rate of speed at which the machine is designed to drive the. cutter shaft and its cutter or cutting means substantially down to zero rate of speed.

The pipe connections 92 and 95 are flexible so that the fitting 15 can move upwardly and downwardly, or reciprocate, with the cutter shaft 61 during the feed of the cutter or cutting means 65. Also, desirably, a pipe connection 98 leading from the fluid or oil receiving or pressure chamber 51 to the fluidor oil well 35 is provided with a relief valve I88 for the purpose of controlling the maxi-z mum pressure of operating fluid or oil in said chamber 51. That is, should the pressure of fluid or oil in the chamber 51 rise to the pressure at which said relief valve I is designed'to open, fluid or oil will pass from said chamber 51 through said pipe connection 99 to the well 35. Thus,-the pressure of fluid or oil in the chamber 51 is normally maintained at a substantially constant value during th operation of the machine.

The fitting 15, including the motor gear casing 16 and the ordinary casing 11, and the vertical sleeve 60, with the cutter shaft 6| and its appurtenances, are caused to be fed up and down in the machine, or reciprocated vertically relatively to the frame 30, by the forcing offluid or oil into the vertical cylinder 66 at either side of the piston 10. That is, fluid-or oil is forced into the upper portion of said vertical cylinder 66, above said piston 10,to cause the piston to be moved downwardly, and into the lower portion of the vertical cylinder, below the piston 10, to cause said piston to be moved upwardly. The machine includes devices whereby the piston 10 can be maintained in stationary position, can be forced down at relatively fast rate of speed as well as at relatively slow rate of speed, and can also be forced up at relatively fast rate of speed as well as at relatively slow rate of speed. And the machine also includes a device whereby said piston 10 can be fed either upwardly or downwardly at any desired and predetermined, nicely and accurately controlled and regulated rate of speed which can range from a higher working rate of speed at which the machine is designed to feed the cutter or cutting means 65 substantially down to zero rate of speed.

A compound valve casing IOI suitably and conveniently mounted within the space 45 beneath the cover or cap member 31 includes what may be termed a high pressure inlet or port I02, and also includes what may betermed a low pressure inlet or port I03. A high pressure pipe connection I04 leads from the fluid or oil receiving or pressure chamber 51 to said high pressure inlet or port I02, and a low pressure pipe connection I05 leads from said chamber 51 to said low pressure inlet or port I03. The low pressure pipe connection I05 may include'a restriction I06 to cut down the travel of fluid or oil throughthis pipe connection. Also, said low pressure pipe connection I05 is controlled by a needle valve I01 adjustably mounted in the compound valve casing IOI. Said needle valve I01 is for regulating the size or cross-sectional area of the interior passageway through thepipe connection I05.

The high pressure inlet or port I02 leads to a channel I08 within the compound valve casing IOI and extending longitud'inallythereof. The opposite ends of the channel I00 are in considerably spaced relation 'to the ends of the valve casing IOI. The channel I08 may, for convenience, be said to consist of two channel-parts, denoted I09 and II 0, respectively, the one at the left and the other at the right of the high pressure inlet or port I02 as the compound valve casing I! is disclosed in Figs. 13 to 17. The end of the channel part I09 spaced from the high pressure inlet or'port I02 merges in a transversely inwardly extending channel III, and the end of the channel part I I0 spaced from said high pressure inlet or port I02 merges in a transversely inwardly extending channel H2. The channels III and H2 are parallel with each other, and the-inner'end of each of said channels'III and I I-2 terminates in a valve receiving and guiding passageway I I 3 extending longitudinally through the valve casing I0 I for the entire length thereof. The 'low pressure inlet or port I03 leads directly to the valve receiving and guiding passageway H3 and communicateswith saidi passageway at the midlength of said valve casing IOI.

A channel II4, leading from the passageway II3,- spaced inwardlyslightly of the channel III at the side of said passageway II3 opposite said channel III, extends transversely of the valve casing IN and communicates with a port II5. A pipe connection IIB extends between the port H5 and the interior of the lower portionof the vertical cylinder 66, belowthe piston 10. A channel II1, leading from the passagewa'y II3, spaced inwardly slightly of the channel H2 at the side of said-passageway II3 opposite said channel II2, extends transversely of said valve casing IN and communicates with a port II8. 'A pipe connection II9 extends between the port H8 and the interior of the upper portion of said vertical cylinder 66. The channels H4 and H1 are parallel with each other.

A relief'channel I20'extends longitudinally of the valve casing IOI in'spaced relationto the passageway I I3, outwardly from the channel I I4, and the outer end of said'channel I20 communicates with a transverse 'chan'nel12l, at the left end of thevalve casing as shown in Figs. 13 to 17, which channel I2I communicates with said passageway I I3 in but 'slightlyspaced relation to the adjacent end of said valve casing. A transverse relief channel I22, directly opposite the channel I2I and adjacent the channel III, extends from the passageway H3 to an outer surface of the valve casing. A relief channel I23 extends longitudinallyof said valve casing MI in spaced relation to the passageway II3, outwardly from the channel H1, and the outer end of said channel I23 communicates with a transverse channel I24, at the right end of the valve casing as shown in Figs. 13 to 17,which channel I24 communicates with said passageway H3 in but slightly spaced relation to the adjacent'end of'said valve casing. A transverse relief channel I25, directly opposite the channel I24 and adjacent the channel II2, extends'from the passageway I I3 to an outer surface of the valve casing.

A valve stem I26 supports four spaced apart 4 valves,'denoted I21, I28, I29 and I30, respectively,

adapted to be slid or reciprocated in the passageway II3 through the compound valve casing IOI. Each valve I21, I28, I29 and I30 is of cylindrical. configuration. The end valves I21 and I28 are relatively short. The intermediate valves I29 and I 30are relatively long. Said valves I21, I28, I29 and I'30'are adapted to be placed in selected relations to the channels through the valve casing l0I, by sliding of the valve stem I26 longitudinally of said valve casing, to control the flow of fluid or oil from the chamber 51 to the upper and lower portions 'of the vertical cylinder'IiG during the operation of the machine in practice,'as will'be understood.

A rack I3 I"extends'longitudinally from one end of the valve stem I26 in alinement therewith. An actuator for sliding or reciprocating said valve stem mayin'clude a gear segment I32 in mesh with'said rack I3I. The'gear segment I32 is fixed to a horizontal stub shaft I33 oscillatably mounted in a vertical wall of the cover or cap member 31. A handle I34 fixed to the stub shaft l 33 is for rotating said shaft. An indicator member I35 upon the outer surface "of said cover'or cap member is for denoting, reference to the position .of the handle I34, the set adjustment at any particular time of the several valves in the valve casing IOI. Obviously, by rotation or oscillation of the handle I34, the gear segment I32 is actuated to slide the valve sternv I26 in the passageway H3. Thus, by employment of said handle I34, the several valves I21, I28, I29 and I30 can be selectively set at any desired adjusted positions, as, for example, at any of the several different positions as disclosed in Figs. 13 to 17.

In Fig. 15 the valves are situated in the neutral position. That is, said valves are in the position at which there will be no feed of fluid or oil to either end of the vertical cylinder 66. It will be noted that in Fig. 15, the longer valves I29 and I30 cover the channels III and H2 to cut off possibility of flow of fluid or oil from the high pressure inlet or port I02 to the passageway H3, and said longer valves I29 and I30 also cover the channels II 4 and H1 to cut off possibility of flow of fluidor oil from the low pressure inlet or port I03 and said passageway H3 to either of the pipe connections H6 or H1.

Means on the machine for automatically positioning the valves on the valve stem I26 as in Fig. 15, to thus stop the downward feedof-the cutter shaft 6| with cutter or cutting means 65, consists of an actuator I36 mounted for longitudinally adjustable movement upon the vertical sleeve 60 and including an obliquely disposed working surface I31 adapted to engage a roller I38 upon the outer. free end of the rack I3! and push said rack, and with it the valve stem I26, inwardly. The arrangement is such that when the oblique working or operating surface I31 has pushed the roller I38 the maximum distance possible said surface I31 can push said roller I38 toward the right in Fig. l, the valves on the valve stem I26 -will besituated as in Fig. 15, and the piston 10 will be stationary.

In Fig. I1 the valves are situated in positionv to cause the piston 10, and with it the cutter shaft 6| and its cutter .or cutting means 65, to

be forced down at relatively fast rate of speed. As disclosed in said Fig. 17, the fluid or oil will pass from the high pressure pipe connection I04 through the high pressure inlet or port I02, thence through the channel part H and. the channel H2 to a portion of the passageway H3 at this time between the valves I29 and I30, and thence through the channel I I1, the port I I8 and the pipe connection H9 into the upper portion of the vertical cylinder 66. At the same time, fluid or oil pushed out of said cylinder 66, by reason of depression of the piston 10 due to the forcing of fluid or oil into the cylinder above said piston, will pass outward through the pipe connection H6, the port H5, the channels H4, I20 and I2I, a portion ofthe passageway H3 at the time between the valves I 21 and I29, and the channel I22 to the well 35. In Fig. 1'1 the fluid or oil cannot pass from the low presure inlet or port I03 into the passageway H3, for the reason that the valve I29 is in covering relation to said inlet or port I03. Also, in said Fig. 17 the valve I30 is in covering relation to the adjacent end of the relief channel I24, so that therewill be operating fluid or oil pressure transmitted to the upper portion of the vertical cylinder 66 through the connections as described.

In Fig. 13 the valves are situated in position to cause the piston 10, and with it the cutter shaft 6| and its cutter or cutting means 65, to be forced up at relatively fast rate of speed. As disclosed in said Fig. 13, the fluid or oil will pass from the high pressure pipe connection I04 through the high pressure inlet or port I02, thence through the channel part I09 and the channel I II to a portion of the passageway H3 at this time betweenthe valves I29 and I30, and thence through the channel H4, the port H5 and the pipe connection I I6 into the lower portion of the vertical cylinder 66. At the same time, fluid or oil pushed out of said cylinder 66, by reason of elevation of the piston 10 due to the forcing of fluid or oil into the cylinder below said piston, will pass outward through the pipe connection H9, the port H9, the channels H1, I23 and I24, a portion of the passageway I I3 at thetime between the valves I30 and I28, and the channel I25 to ,the Well 35. In Fig. 13 the fluid or oil cannotpass from the low pressure inlet or port I03 into the passageway H3, for the reason that the valve I30 is in covering relation to said inlet or port I03. Also, in said Fig. 13 .the valve I29 is in covering relation to the adjacent end of the relief channel I2 I so that there will be operating fluid or oil pressure transmitted to the lower portion of the vertical cylinder 66 through the connections as described.

I In Fig. 16 the valves are situated in position to cause the piston 10, and with it the cutter shaft .BI and its cutter or cutting means 65, ,to be forced down at relatively low rate of speed. As disclosed in said Fig. 16, the fluid or oil will passfrom the low pressure pipe connection I05 through the low pressure inlet or port I03, thence through a portion of the passageway H3 at thistime between the valves I29 and I30, and thence through the channel II 1, the port H8 and the pipe connection I I9 into the upper portionofthe vertical cylinder 66. At the same time, fluid or oil pushed out of said cylinder 66, by reason of depression of the piston 10 due to the forcing of fluid or oil into the cylinder beneath said piston, will pass outward through the pipe connection H6, the port H5, the channels H4, I20 and I2I, a portion of the passageway H3 at the time betweenthe valves I21 and I29 and the channel I22 to the'well 35. In Fig. 16 the fluid or oil cannot pass from the high pressure inlet or .port I02 .intothe passageway H3, for the reason that the valves I29 and I30 are in covering relation to the channelsv I I I and H2, respectively. Also, in said Fig. .16 the valve I30 is in covering relation to the adjacent end of the relief channel I24, so that. there will be operating fluid or oil pressure transmitted to the upper portion of the vertical cylinder 66 through the connections as described.

In Fig. I4 the valves are situated in position to cause the piston 10, and with it the cutter shaft GI and its cutter or cutting means 65, to be forced up at relatively low rate of speed. As disclosed in said Fig. 14, the fluid or oil will pass from the low pressure pipe connection I05 through the low pressure inlet or port I03, thence through a portion of the passageway H3 at this time between the valves I29 and I30, and thence through the channel H4, the port I I5 and the pipeconnection H6 into the lower portion of the vertical cylinder 66. Atthe same time, fluid or oil pushed out of said cylinder 66, by reason of the elevation of the piston 10 due to the forcing of fluid or oil into the cylinder below said piston, will pass outwardthrough the pipe connection H9, the port H8, the channels H1, I23 and I24, a portion of the passageway H3.at the time between the valves I30 and I 28,; and the channel I25 to the well 35. In Fig. 14 the fluid orgoil cannot pass from the high pressure inlet or port I02 intothe passageway M3,. for the reason that the valves I29 and I30 are in covering relation to the channels III and II2, respectively. Also, in said Fig. 14the valve I29 is in covering relation to the adjacent end of the relief channel I2I, so that there will be operating fluid or oil pressure transmitted to the lower portion of the vertical cylinder 66 through the connections as described.

The needle valve I01 constitutes the device, hereinbeforementioned, whereby the piston 10, and with it the cutter or cutting means 55, can be fed either upwardly or downwardly at any desired andpredetermined, nicely and accurately controlled and regulated rate of speed which can range from the highest working rate of speed at which the machine is designed to feed the cutter or cutting means 65 with said needle valve I01 not restricting the passageway through the pipe connection I substantially down to zero rate of speed with the needle valve I01 restricting said pipe connection I05 the maximum amount possible. By adjustment of the needle valve I01 to thus adjust the size, orcross-sectional area of thepipe connection I05, the pressure of. fluid or oil operative .upon the piston can be effectively,controlled and regulated to thus control and regulate the rate of speed of upward and downward movement of said, piston 10, as will be apparent.

A clamping device I39, disclosed in detail in Figs. 18, to 22, is for the purpose of fastening the machine down upon an engine or cylinder block, such as 3!, in proper position for operation upon a cylinder, such as 32, by the cutter or cutting Ineans65, by movement of said cutter or cutting means along the wall of said cylinder.

The clamping device I39 is applied to a cylinder of the engine or cylinder block other. than the one to be bored or rebored. As disclosed, said clamping device includes a turnbuckle adapted to have vertical substantially central position in a cylinder 32. Said turnbuckle consists of a lower yoke member I40 and an upper screw member I4I adjustable in the base of said yoke member as at I42. The lower portion of the yoke member is constituted as spaced apart arms I43 including a series of vertically spaced apart openings I44 each adapted to removably and selectively receive a small headed and nutted bolt I45. A link I46 is pivoted. at its midlength upon the bolt I and is situated between the.

arms I43 of the yoke member I 40. The upper end of the screw member MI is securely carried by a head member I41. The lower portion or base of the head member I41 is adapted to rest upon a hair pin I48 adapted to lie upon the engine or cylinder blockacross the upper end of the cylinder thereof having the turnbuckle. The hair pin I 48 includes a longitudinal slot I49 in which the screw member MI is disposed when the turnbuckle and the hair pin are associated with each other.

The parts of the clamping device as so far described may be associated with and fastened to an engine block a cylinder of which is to be bored or rebored by passing the turnbuckle down through a cylinder other than the one to be operatedupon, positioning the link I46 substantially at right angles to said turnbuckle, and inserting the hair pin I48 beneath the head member I41 and across said cylinder having the turnbuckle so that said pin rests upon the upper surface of the. engine, or. cylinder block. The

turnbucklewill of course be adjusted to have the proper length to insure that when the parts are assembled as just set forth, the turnbuckle with appurtenances and the hair pin will be secure upon the engine or cylinder block. Thus, said hair pin I48 constitutes means for initially assembling the turnbuckle and its appurtenances, including the link I46 and the head member I41, with said engine or cylinder block.

The base, portion of the frame 30 of the machine. is constructed to provide spaced apart, horizontal ledges I50, I50 disposed crosswise of said: frame, as well as to provide a slot or passageway I5I between said ledges, extending in alining relation with and above said hair pin I48 when the machine is properly placed to be clamped or fastened to an engine or cylinder block. That is, the ledges I50, I50and the slot or passageway I5l are in a vertical plane, or parallel with a vertical plane, made at once to pass centrally through the electric motor 33, the vertical cylinder 66 and the cutter shaft 6|. The machine also includes a clearance space I52 directly abovethe ledges I50, I50 and the slot or passageway I5I, the clearance space I 52 desirably extending substantially the full length of edges of the walls I54, I54.

said ledges I50, I50. As disclosed, the ledges I50, I 50, the slot or passageway I 5I between said ledges and the space I52 above said ledges I 50, I50 and slot or passageway I5I extend continuously from a side of the frame 30 opposite the vertical hollow bearing post 59 to about the location of said bearing post.

The head member I41 upon the screw member I4I .of the clamping device is of rectilinear configuration. It includes spaced apart, upstanding or vertical, parallel walls I53, I53 integral with the base of said head member, which base engages the hair pin I48, and the head member I41 also includes walls I54, I54 integral with and extending inwardly from the upper portions of the upstanding or vertical Walls I53, I53 respectively, and lyingin a single horizontal plane, there being aslot or passageway I55 between adjacent Said head member I41 is disposed in the slot or passageway I5I, in spaced relation to the ledges I50, I50, when the machine is in position to be clamped to an engine or cylinder block. The walls I54, I54 and the slot or passageway I 55 between said walls I 54, I54, are disposed in alining relation with the slot or passageway I5I, and the opposite ends of said head member I41, between the walls I53, I53, I54, I54, are open, That is, the slot or passageway I55 and a clearance slot or passageway or space I56 of the head member I41, which slot or passagewayor clearance space I56 is defined by the base, the verticalwalls I53, I53 and the horizontal wallsI54, I54 of said head member I41, are open at the oppositeends of the head member.

The turnbuckle, with link I46 and head member I 41, constitutesa lower clamping entity of the .device I39 for association, in the manner as described, with an engine or cylinder block. Said device I39 additionally includes an upper clamping entity adapted. to be associated with the frame 30, or.more properly, with the spaced apart ledges I50, I50 of said frame 30, as well as with the head memberl41. More specifically, the upper clamping entity of the device I39 as disclosed consists of a pressure member I51, a take-up member I58, and a wedge member I59. The pressure member I51 includes a body portion I60 thereof at one end of the pressure member having a lower surface or surfaces I6I adapted to be supported upon the oppositely arranged ledges I50, I50 in such-manner that saidbody portion I60 will be disposed within the clearance space I52 directly over-and above the slot or passageway II.- The body portion I60 of said pressure member I51 includesa vertical, cylindrical opening I62 therethrough', and the take-up member I58 includes a cylindrical shank I 63 snugly and slidably arranged in said vertical, cylindrical opening I62. The cylindrical shank I63 constitutes the upper portion of the take-up member I58. A gripping piece I64 of said takeup member I58 is at the lower portion thereof, in spaced relation to the cylindrical shank I63, and a connecting neck I65 extends between said cylindrical shank I63 and said gripping piece I64, said connecting neck being integral with both the cylindrical shank and the gripping piece as disclosed. Said gripping piece is constituted as a block adapted to be slid into the clearance slot or space or passageway I56 of the head member I41, beneath retaining shoulders I66 of said head member provided by the horizontal w alls I54, I54, thereof, and'the connecting neck I65 is. of cross-sectional dimension to be slidable in the slot or passageway I55 when. the gripping piece or block I 64 is slid in the clearance slot or space or passageway I56. The pressure member I 51 includes a pair of spaced apart, parallel arms I61, I61 integral with and extending from one side of the body portion 160 of said pressure member, and the outer ends of said armsflBfI, I61

are connected, integrally as disclosedgby a trans-.1

vers'e piece I 68. The transverse piece' I68has an opening I 69 therethrough, and said body I60 includes a clearance opening I at theside,

thereof adjacent thefarms l'61, I161, s aid:clear;; ance opening I10 being between'said armsand in alinement with the opening I69. The clearance opening I10 extends atone of itsls ides to the vertical, cylindrical opening I62 and atitsother side to the space between the arms I 61, I61. 7 The,

upper surface "I of said clearance opening l10" is as disclosed obliquely disposed 'lhe body por;

tion I60 also includes a clearance slot m in the upper portion thereof and at the side of said body portion opposite the arrns I61, [61 and the clearance opening I10. Said clearance slot is in alinement with both the opening 633 11.

the clearance opening I10, and'extendsfrom'the. vertical, cylindrical opening I62 to the end of the pressure member I51 opposite, the end thereof having the transverse piece I68. The opening I69, clearance opening I10 and clearance slot I12 are adapted to slidably receive the wedge member I59. Said wedge member includes a wedge proper thereof which situated in, the clearance opening I10, the vertical cylindrical opening I62 and the clearance slot I12 in suchmanner that a lower, straight surface of said wedge,

proper is slidable over lower. alining surfaces I13,

and I14 of the clearance opening .-,I10 and the.

clearance slot I12, respectively, and an upper.v

is integral with the wedge proper and is disposedbetween the arms I61, I61, and in the opening.

M9. The endportion of the shank, I16 opposite ance opening I10 and the clearance slot. I12.

The wedge proper is situated in and is slidable in thetransverse slot I19, and an upper oblique surface I80 of said transverse slot I19,'disposed at the same angle as is the oblique surface I15,

is adapted to be engaged by said oblique surface .'The manner of application of the upper clamping entity, including the pressure member I51, the take-up member I58 and the wedge member I59, to the lowerclamping entity,including the turnbuckle with link I46 and head member I 41, is simple. Assuming said lower clamping entity to have been applied to an engine or cylinder block, in the manner as already set forth, and the frame 30 to have been set upon said block at desired position, with the head member I41 properly positioned in the slot or passageway I5I, said upper clamping entity is applied by moving the pressure member with its body'portion I60 into thetopen side or end of the space I52 and the lower, portion of the take-up member I58 into the slot or passageway I,5 I until the gripping piece or block l64 lies in the clearance slot or space or' passageway I56, beneath. the retaining shoulders I66, and the connecting neck I65 lies in theslot or passageway l55'. A stop ,elementI8I upon the body'portion I60 is adapted to'iengage the head I41 when the upper clamping, member or entity has been properly assembled with "the lower clamping memberorentity. After the gripping piece or block, I64 is, assembled with the. head member its'wedge'portion to be moved, indirection to-' wardthe transverse piece .I68 as disclosed, to

slide the oblique, surface I15 of said wedge prop-' er relatively to theoblique surface I80 of the take-upniemberiISB, to thus draw the pressure member I51 and the takeeup member toward.

' each other so thatthe'lgripping'piece or block I64 jisinpressing engagement with the retaining shoulders I66, and the'frame30, with its ledges I50; I50, is, obviously, clampedto and down against the engine or cylinder block. Evidently, the machine frame can be clamped down upon engine or cylinder block so that the cutter shaft and the cutter orcutting'means are properly centered relatively to'a cylinder to be bored or rebored, before the frame of the machine is clamped or fastened down upon said block. The

centering device '63 -is for properly centering said cutter shaft 6| and cutter or cutting means the wedge proper extends outwardly. beyond the- I transverse piece I68 and is externally threaded,

as at I11, to receive a knurled. clamping nut I18. The cylindrical shank I63.of thetake-up member I58 includesa transverse slot I18 between 65,-andincludes a centering head I82, cylindrical as disclosed, suitably and conveniently supported upon the cutter shaft6I.

tering. finger, disposedat vdegrees apart. The I axial portion of the centering head I82, at the location of the axis of the cutter shaft 6I, iscut away, as at I85, and the inner end portion. .of 1 each centering finger J84flie's insaid cut-away,

and substantially in alinement with the clear- Said centering head I82 has horizontally disposed, radially extending portion I85. A continuous coil spring I86, surrounding the centering head I82 and lying in circumferentially extending grooves, denoted I81 and I88, in the perimeter of said centering head and the outer ends of the finger pieces I84, respectively, normally resiliently retains said fingerpieces at their innermost positions in the centering head. As will be more clear from Fig. 9, when the finger pieces I84 are at their innermost positions they abut each other at the axis of the cutter shaft 6|. To this purpose, lower portions of said inner ends of the finger pieces may be angularly shaped, about as disclosed in said Fig. 9. An upper portion of the inner end of each centering finger I84 is beveled, asat I89, each bevel surface I89 extending downwardly and inwardly.

The cutter shaft BI includes an axial passageway I98. The lowerend of a rod I9I slidably mounted in said passageway I98 supports a centering element I92 including a conical surface I93 upon its lower portion, said centering element being situated in the cut-away portion I85 above the bevel surfaces I89 upon the upper portions of the inner ends of the centering fingers I84, and said conical surface I93 having engagement with each of said'bevel surfaces I89. The upper end portion of the rod I9I is secured, as at I 94, to the base of a screw member I95 threaded upon the upper end of the cutter shaft to be moved longitudinally of said cutter shaft by turning movement of said screw member. A hand piece I96 upon the base of the screw mem ber I95 may be employed to rotate said screw member.

In practice, the cutter shaft BI is lowered or depressed to situate the centering head I82 within a cylinder to be bored or rebored, and with said centering head so situated, the screw member I95 is turned in proper direction to be moved downwardly on the cutter shaft 6|. Such movement of said screw member I 95 obviously moves the conical surface I93 of the centering element I92 downwardly relatively to the centering fingers I84, and said conical surface I93 slides over the bevel surfaces I89 of all of the centering fingers I84 to cause said centering fingers to move, each in equal amount, outwardly of the centering head and into engagement with the wall of the cylinder to be bored or rebored. After the centering operation is thus accomplished, the screw member I 95 is turned in opposite direction and the continuous coil spring I86 returns the centering fingers to their normal, inward positions. During a boring or reboring operation said centering fingers I84 are at their innermost positions in the centering head I82, and clear of a cylinder being worked upon.

The cutter head 64 has a horizontal passageway I91 therethrough. A holder I98 for the cutter or cutting means 65 is adjustable lengthwise of said horizontal passageway I91. As disclosed, said holder I98 consists of two detachably connected elements, denoted I99 and 288, respectively, snugly and slidably mounted in the passageway I91. The element I99, at the side of the cutter head 64 opposite the cutter or cutting means 65 has a side portion thereof cut-away, as at 28I, to receive an extension piece 282 of the element 288. A horizontal transverse opening 283 through the element I99, perpendicular to said extension piece 282 and adjacent a depression 284 in the extension piece, fixedly retains a screw plug 285 in its end portion opposite said extension piece, and also adjustably retains a ball 286 in its end portion adjacent theextension piece.

A coil spring 281 within the opening 283, between the screwplug 285 and the ball 286, resiliently urges said ball into the depression 284 to thus detachably connect the elements I99 and 288 to each other while within the horizontal passageway I91. A cutter holder adjusting screw 288 is rotatably mounted, as at 289, in the cutter head 64 against longitudinal movement, and the end portion of said adjusting screw 288 opposite'the head is adjustably threaded, as at 2| 8, in the element I99. By turning movement of the adjusting screw 288 the cutter holder I98, with the cutter or cutting means 65, is evidently adjusted longitudinally of the'horizontal passageway I91 so that said cutter or cutting means is adjusted axially of the cutter shaft 6I. In order that the element 288 of the cutter holder I98 may not become accidentally removed from the element I99 and from the cutter head 64 during operation of the machine, said element 288 may be rigidly located in the horizontal passageway I91 by means of a set screw 2I I. It will be apparent that by loosening the set screw 2 the element 288 in which the cutter or cutting means is directly and rigidly set, canbe detached from and reassembled with the element I99 of the cutter holder, and removed from and replaced in the cutter head 64, while said element I99 re- 3Ilmains in said cutter head.

The. cylinder boring or reboring machine of Figs-23 to 37 is of modified construction. It is mechanically actuated to the accomplishment of the drive of the cutter or cutting means of the machine and hydraulically actuated to the accomplishment of the feed of said cutter or cutting means to the work, or along a cylinder being bored or rebored. The machine ofsaid Figs. 23 to 3'1 includes a frame 2I2 adapted to rest upon a cylinder block 2I3 and to be clamped down upon said cylinder block in the general manner as hereinbefore described.

The frame 2I2 suitably and conveniently supports an electric motor 2I4 including vertically.

upwardly extending motor shaft 2I5. Said frame 2I2 also suitably and conveniently includes a fluid or oil well 2I6 adjacent the electric motor 2I4, provided by structure 2I1 of the frame. A

cover or cap member 2I8 upon said frame 2I2- cooperates with the remainder of the frame to close the oil well 2 I8 at its upper portion.

The electric motor 2 I4 is supported at its lower portion upon a horizontal member 2I9 in the- 22I, to a vertically upwardly extending shaft 222- adapted to be driven by the electric motor 2I4. A lower portion of the shaft 2I5 is mounted, as at 223, in a horizontal bearing member 224 constituting part of the frame 2I2 and effectively separating the well 2I6 from the portion of the frame 2I2 housing the electric motor 2I4. An upper portion of the shaft 222 is mounted, as at 225, in the cover or cap member 2I8.

The upper portion of the well 2I6 is open to the space 226 within the frame above the structure 2I1 and the horizontal bearing member 224, below the cover or cap member 2I8, said space in fact constituting the upper portion of said.

well.

The driven shaft 222 extends through the space 226, and the upper end of said shaft 222 fixedly carries a horizontally arranged cutter or tool veniently fixedly supported within the frame, and

includes a concavity 236. Pump gears, denoted 23!, 23!, supported upon vertical shafts, indicated 232, 232, mounted in the gear pump casing 229, are driven from the vertically upwardly extending shaft 222, as represented at 233, and are situated in the concavity 236. The pump gears 23!, 23! are arranged in and related to said concavity 236 to provide a gear pump including an inlet side 234 constituting a portion of the concavity 236 and an outlet side 235 also constituting a portion of said concavity. That is, the shaft 222 is adapted to be driven to rotate the pump gears 23!, 23! to cause fluid or oil to be pumped from the inlet side 234 to the outlet side 235 of the concavity 236. A fluid or oil supply pipe 236 leads from a lower portion of the well 2!6 to the inlet side 234, and a pipe connection 231 leads from the outlet side 235 to a compound valve casing 238 suitably and conveniently situated within the space 226.

Operating fluid or oil moved by the pump gears 23!, 23!, which draw fluid or oil from the'well 2!6 into the inlet side 234 and force the fluid or oil out of the outlet side 235 through the pipe connection 231 to the compound valve casing 238, is utilized, in a manner which will be explained, to the accomplishment of the feed of the cutter shaft with cutter or cutting means of the machine to the work, and said cutter shaft with cutter or cutting means is driven mechanically, also in a manner which will be explained.

The frame 2!2 integrally includes a hollow, vertical bearing post 239, and a vertical sleeve 246 is mounted to be reciprocated in said vertical bearing post 239.. Said vertical sleeve 246 may be held against rotary movement in the post 239 in any suitable and convenient manner. A cutter shaft 24! is rotatably mounted, as at 242, within the sleeve 246 and is fixed against longitudinal movement in said sleeve. A lower portion of the cutter shaft 24!, below said sleeve 246, carries a usual centering device, and the lower end of said cutter shaft carries a usual cutter head with cutter or cutting means.

Mechanism for causing the vertical sleeve 246, and with it the cutter shaft 24!, to be reciprocated in the vertical bearing post 239, includes a vertical cylinder 244 within the fluid or oil well 2!6 and having a closed bottom 245. The vertical cylinder 2 44 may be fixedly secured in the frame 2!2 in any suitable and convenient manner. A piston 246 within the cylinder 244 is carried by a vertical piston rod 241 which is reciprocably slidable, as at 248, in an element 249 adjacent the cover or cap memlder 2!8 and in closing relation to said cylinder 244.

The piston rod 241 extends upwardly above the cover or cap member 2|8 and has its upper end secured to the lower portion of a fitting 256 rigidly connected to the upper end portion of the vertical sleeve 246.

A yoke 25!, disposed within the space 226, includes a vertical base 252 of the yoke disposed adjacent the driven shaft 222 and spaced apart, horizontal, upper and lower arms, denoted 253 and 254, respectively, of said yoke arranged about said shaft 222 to be freely rotatable or oscillatable thereon. The end portions of the upper and lower arms 253 and 254 spaced from the base 252 of the yoke fixedly support a vertical hearing shaft 255 extending between said arms and parallel with said base 252. A small gear 256 fixed upon the driven shaft 222 may constitute means for supporting the yoke 25! in the space 226. As disclosed, the portion of the upper horizontal arm 253 about the shaft 222 is just above said small gear 256. A hub member 251, which is freely rotatable upon the vertical bearing shaft 255 and is situated between the upper and lower arms of the yoke 25!, fixedly carries a larger gear 258 with which the small gear 256 meshes. Said gears 256 and 258 are in horizontal alinement with each other. 'The hub member 251 also carries an adjustable friction pulley 259, disposed below said larger gear 258. The friction pulley 259 consists of oppositely disposed friction discs, represented 266 and 26!, respectively, and said friction discs include bevel driving surfaces, indicated 262 and 263, respectively, arranged in facing relation to each other. The friction disc 26!] as disclosed is fixed to the hub member 251, and the friction disc 26! is splined to said hub member to be movable longitudinally thereon, toward and away from said friction disc 266. A coil spring 264 suitably supported at 265 bears, as at 266, against the surface of the friction disc 26! opposite its bevel driving surface 263 to resiliently urge said friction disc 26! toward the friction disc 266.

The friction pulley 259 carries a drive belt 261, V-shape in cross-section, ridable upon the friction surfaces 262 and 263 between the friction discs 266 and 26!, and said V-belt 261 also rides over a non-adjustable friction pulley 268, in horizontal alinement with the adjustable friction pulley 259, fixed upon a vertical shaft 269 suitably and conveniently rotatably mounted in the cover or cap member 2I8. Said vertical shaft 269 extends upwardly through and is slidable in the fitting 256 and a second non-adjustable friction pulley 216 is splined to the shaft 269 at 213. =Adrive belt 21! ridable over the pulley 216 also rides over a third non-adjustable friction pulley 212 fixed to the cutter shaft 24!. The pulleys 216 and 212 are in horizontal alinement in the fitting 256.

A manipulating handle 215, situated above the cover or cap member 2l8, has its inner end portion disposed about the vertical shaft 222 and secured, as at 216, to the yoke 25!. The arrangement is such that by turning movement of the manipulating handle 215 upon the vertical shaft 222, the yoke 25! will be rotated about said shaft 222 to cause the adjustable drive pulley 259 to be moved away from or toward the drive pulley 268, depending upon the direction of turning movement of said manipulating handle. During rotation of said yoke 25! about the shaft 222 the gears 256 and 258 will, obviously, remain in mesh with each other. Means is provided for maintainingthe yoke 25! at any position to which adjusted about the vertical driven shaft 222, to thus secure the adjustable friction pulley 259 in adjusted, fixed relation to the friction pulley 268. Said means as disclosed includes a horizontally disposed rack member or segment 211 fixed upon the upper surface of the cover or cap member 2!8, and a vertical spring pressed lock or latch element 218 carried by the outer end of the manipulating handle 215 and adapted to be engaged between teeth of the rack member or segment 211 when this is intentional. Evimember'or segment 21'! so that said friction pulley 259 can be set at desiredand selected relation to the friction pulley 268 and locked at any adjusted position to which set.

It. will be apparent that when the electric motor 2,!4 is operating, the: shaft 222 will drive the small gear 256, which in turn will drive the larger gear 258 and the hub member 25'! and.

thus cause the cutter shaft 24! to berotated through the instrumentality of the adjustable frictionpulley 259, the drivebelt 267, the friction pulley 26.8, the. vertical. shaft 269, the friction pulley 210., the drive belt 27! and the friction.

pulley 212 fixed tosaid cutter shaft 24!. It. will alsobe apparent that. by adjustment of the adjustable friction pulley 259. in direction away fromthefriction pulley 268, thefriction or drive V-belt 26! will be moved inwardly of the bevel.

driving surfaces 262land 263, towardthe axis of the pulley 259 or friction discs 26!! and 26!, so that the speedof rotation of the cutter. shaft 24! will be stepped down proportionately as said V- belt 26'! is movedtoward said axis of said friction discs 26!] and 26!, and that by adjustment of said adjustable friction pulley 259m direction toward said friction pulley 268, said V-belt 26'! will be moved outwardly of said .bevel driving surfaces 262 and 263, away from the axis ofv said pulley 25.9 or frictiondiscs 26!] and 26!, so that the speed ofrotation of said cutter shaft will be stepped up proportionately as the V-belt 26.! is moved away from the. axis of the friction discs 260 and 26!. Movement apart of said friction discs 266 and 26!, due to adjustment of the pulley 259 away from the pulley 268, to allow the .V- belt 26'! to move inwardly toward the axis of the friction pulley 259, is of course against the resilient action of the. coil spring 264, and movement toward each other of the frictiondiscs260 and26!, when said pulley 259 is adjusted toward said pulley 268, is of course caused by. said coil.

spring 264. In short, by the employment of the arrangement as described, the cutter shaft 24!, and with it the cutter or cutting means ofrthe machine, can be rotated or driven at any desired and predetermined, nicely and accurately controlled and regulated rate of speed which can range from the maximum rate of speed at which the machine is designed to drive the, cutter shaft and its cutter or, cutting means down to a rate of speed approaching zero rate of speed.

An outlet 2'l9-from the gear pump casing 229 and communicated with by the outlet side 235 of the concavity 230 is provided with a relief -valve 289 for the purpose of controlling the maximum pressure of operating fluid or oil which can exist in the pipe connection 231. Should the pressure of fluid or oil in the region including the outlet side 235 of the concavity 236, leading to the pipe connection 237, rise to the pressure at which the relief valve 236 is designed to open, fluid or oil will pass from said outlet side 235 of the concavity 230 through said outlet 219 to the well 2!6. Thus, the pressure of fluid or oil in the pipe connection 23! is normally maintained at asubstantially constant value during; the operation of the machine,

5 cylinder 244 at either sidev of the piston 246,

That is, fluid or oil isforced into the upper portion of said vertical cylinder 244-, above said piston 246, to cause the piston tobemoved downwardly, and into the lower portion of the vertical cylinderv 244:, below the piston 246-, to cause said piston to bemoved upwardly. The modified machine includes; devices whereby the piston 246 can be maintained in stationary position, can be forced down at relatively fast rate of speed as well as atrelatively, slow rate ofspeed, and can also be forced up at relatively; fast rate of speed as well as at relatively slow. rate of speed. And the modified machine also includes devices whereby said piston 245 can befed either up- 2Qf'wardly or downwardly: at any desired'and predetermined,- nicely and accurately controlled. and regulated rate of speed: which can range from a higher working rate of speed at which the machine is designed; to feed the cutter or cutting tfmeans substantially down to zero rate of speed.

The compound valve. casing. 238 includes a cylindrical valve receiving. opening 28! arranged interiorly thereof, and a compound valve 2820f cylindrical conformation is rotatably or oscillat- 30 ably mounted within said opening, 28!. The compound valve 282 is hollowed out to include a chamber 283 open at. one end of said valve and closed, as at 284-, at the other end of the valve. The pipe connection 23'!;lead-s to a port 285 in the compound valve casing communicating disclosed being situated between the ports 286' and 28;! at equal-distancelfrcm each of said ports.

286- and 28'l. In addition, the compound valve 282: includes. alcircumferentially extending channel' 289 in'its' exterior surface, and spaced from. the chamber 283, the circumferential channel 289 being situatedidiametrically opposite the longitudinal channel-288'.- Saidchannel 289 as shown spans about 180 degrees of the circumference of the, compound; valve 282; and the opposite ends,

-respectively, of the channel 289-are at equal distance from the ports 286 and 281.

The compound valve: casing 238 includes a channel 29!] leading from the chamber 283 transversely through said valve casing, and a longi- 60.:'tudinal port 29! extending from the transverse channel 29!) to an end of said valve casing 238. A pipe connection 292 extends between the port 29! and the interior of the upper portion of the vertical cylinder, 244, A relief channel 293 ex- --tends from the, chamber 283'to the outer surface of the valve casing. Said relief channel 293 includesat least a Dartthereofdisposed in slightly.

spaced,; parallel relation to the, channel 299, and said relief channel 293 is controlled by a needle valve 294 adjustably mounted in the compound valve casing. Saidneedlev valve, 294 is for regulating the cross-sectionalarea of the relief channel 293, Said compound valve casing-238 also inchamber; 283 transversely through the valve. ca'szcludes a; second; channel 295 leading from the. 

